Article

Name: Forms of the dative case of personal pronouns in Khakas dialects: аreal distribution and evolution

Authors: A. V. Sheymovich

Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

In the section Морфология

Abstract:

The current study examines a specific aspect of Khakas dialectal morphology, thus contributing to the larger project of producing an atlas of Khakas and, more broadly, Turkic dialects in Southern Siberia. The focus is on the dative forms of the 1–3 sg personal pronouns (mɑʁɑ ‘me-Dat’, sɑʁɑ ‘you-Dat’, ɑʁa ‘he-Dat’) and their phonetic variants, which were selected for their high variability across dialects. Examining the forms is assessing their variability, identifying distribution areas, and tracing phonetic evolution. The study material encompasses Khakas dialectal data collected over approximately 100 years. The data include N. F. Katanov’s expedition notes from Khakasia (from late 19th to early 20th centuries), publications from mid-20th century Khakas dialectologists, and audio recordings and transcriptions from over a hundred settlements, compiled by the Institute of Linguistics, RAS, between 2015 and 2022. The data analysis has identified significant phonetic features, which can be used to classify a specific word form in a particular Khakas dialect or subdialect. Four maps were created based on the correlation of feature sets and settlement locations. The first is a map of front versus back vowel variants in 1–2 sg pronominal datives. The second is a map showing vowel lengthening or monosyllabic contraction in 1–2 sg dative forms. The third represents a map of 3 sg dative forms. The fourth, for the first time, maps N. F. Katanov’s data concerning pronominal dative forms of 1–3 sg for sixteen Sagay, Beltir, and Kachin settlements.

Keywords: Khakas dialectology, language history, linguistic geography, morphology, personal pronouns

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